Abstract: Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin have become a major national strategy, which puts forward new requirements for the allocation of water and soil resources in the Yellow River Basin. Under the impact of climate change and human activities, the Yellow River Basin is facing some problems, such as insufficient total water resources, spatial mismatch of water and soil resources, prominent contradiction between water and sediment sources and ecological water use land. A joint allocation model of water and soil resources in the Yellow River Basin based on efficient utilization and protection of water and soil resources is established in this paper. The basic way of the Model is the analysis of the problems and causes of water and soil resources in the Yellow River Basin. The guiding principle is the overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. The key technologies are the existing water and soil resources element data and precise monitoring data, the evolution law and ecological key threshold of water and soil resources. The model aims to standardize the development of water and soil resources in the Yellow River Basin and provide technical support for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.