Abstract: To investigate the effect of basalt fibers on the tensile properties of cement soil, basalt fibers of different lengths, diameters and doping amounts were selected and incorporated into the cement soil by conducting uniaxial tensile tests, unconfined compressive tests and scanning electron microscopy tests with orthogonal test polarization method. The laws and microscopic mechanisms of the effects of basalt fibers on the stress-strain curve, tensile strength, tensile-compressive strength ratio and damage morphology of the cement soil were analyzed. The results show that: the stress-strain curve of basalt fiber cement soil in uniaxial tensile test can be divided into four stages: elastic deformation, damage, residual strength and stability; in the test, the order of the effect of fiber variables on tensile properties is: length, doping amount and diameter; the basalt fiber with a length of 9 mm and a doping amount of 1.5% is the optimal single doping parameter of basalt fiber. The tensile compression ratio of basalt fiber cement soil is higher than that of unmixed fiber cement soil, but the fiber type and doping amount, etc. have a greater effect on the tensile compression ratio of fiber cement soil; the three-dimensional random mesh distribution of basalt fiber provides reinforcement in the uniaxial tensile stress state of cement soil, which in turn improves the tensile strength and toughness of cement soil.