Accurate identification technology for leakage channels in earth-rock dams through three-dimensional reconstruction and inversion

High-density electrical method is the main technology for detecting leakage in earth-rock dams, but it often lacks precision in identifying the edges of the leakage area and discerning the causes of low resistivity identification. To address this limitation, a precise identification method for leakage channels through three-dimensional reconstruction and inversion is proposed: Multiple 2D parallel survey lines are laid out orthogonal to potential leakage channels, and high-density electrical method inversions are performed. The simplified inversion results are then placed within a three-dimensional model cross-section. Subsequently, the infiltration lines are deduced from the elevation data obtained from multiple survey lines, and a comprehensive analysis is conducted to determine the leakage position. Results demonstrate that this method accurately detects leakage positions, identifies the reasons for low resistivity identification during inversion, provides a more intuitive observation of the direction of leakage channels, and effectively reduces low resistivity identification errors caused by normal seepage.