Abstract: Water conservancy is the critical infrastructure during urbanization construction. The implementation of the new urbanization has set out new requirements on water resources, water environment, water security and other issues, which are important factors influencing the process of the new urbanization. In the process of the new urbanization, we are facing the challenges of severe water shortage, water pollution, water ecological deterioration. In this paper, we analyze the development trend of water conservancy in the urbanization process and conclude that the water demand in a long period of time will continue to increase, and water shortage due to resource limitation, increasing engineering and water quality deterioration will exist for a long time. We also generalize and discusse the scientific and technological problems that needed to be addressed in the urbanization process. We propose that the water resources governance in the new age proposed by the Chinese Communist Party chief Xi Jinping is the fundamental concept to be followed to promote comprehensive reform in the water resources saving, protection, exploitation, utilization, management, reform and so on. It is required to bring into full play the binding force, controlling capacity and pioneering roles of the water resources adequately, combine the government macro-control and market allocation well, and enhance the innovation ability and leading role of science and technology, so as to provide a reliable guarantee of water resources for accelerating the development of the urbanization construction.