Abstract: The basic transport properties of Yellow River sediments and bakelite powders(which are used as the sediments in the model) are studied systematically, and the similarity relationships for hyperconcentration flows are developed. Based on the similarity theory,an undistortion hyperconcentration flow model with linear scale 1:80 is designed and constructed. The verification tests show that the model is similar in the main to the prototype in all aspects such as the distribution of concentration, the location and quantity of scouring and deposition.By using this model, the sedimentation predictions are made for various stages of the reservoir operation and the preventive measures of sedimentation are presented.