Abstract: In order to reveal the natural background and spatial distribution pattern of drought-hatching environment in Shandong Province, the distribution of regional drought conditions in Shandong Province is divided by the method of GIS map cascade. Firstly, according to the causes of drought in Shandong Province, four drought factors, namely precipitation, soil moisture content, vegetation index NDVI and air temperature, were selected for GIS grid data processing to obtain corresponding drought factor layers. Then, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of each drought factor, and the four normalized drought factor layers were weighted and stacked to obtain a comprehensive drought factor map. Finally, the comprehensive drought factors diagram was overlayed with Shandong elevation distribution layer to get five drought areas of Shandong Province: the agricultural area in the northwest plain of Shandong Province is a heavy drought area, the southern part of northwest plain and Jiaolai plain are light arid regions, Shandong peninsula is a relatively humid wet area, the hilly and mountainous area in the south-central of Shandong Province and the southern Shandong coastal plain area are wet areas, and to put forward the suitable drought index of each partition. This study can provide technological support for drought monitoring and early warning in Shandong Province.