Abstract: This paper summarizes the influencing factors of damage from scouring abrasion in hydropower projects and the types of abrasion resistant materials for hydropower engineering structures, focuses on the test methods of abrasion resistant property for abrasion and cavitation resistant coatings and the influencing factors involved, the types of abrasion and cavitation resistant coatings and their application, and discusses the difference in performance and the cost difference of epoxy resin wear-resistant coatings, polyurea wear-resistant coatings and wear-resistant concrete. The results show that the main influencing factors of damage from scouring abrasion in hydraulic structures are the abrasion angle of water, the current speed of water, the size of suspended particles and the content of suspended materials. The abrasion resistant coatings used for hydraulic structures are mainly epoxy resin coatings and polyurea coatings. The factors that influencing the wear-resistant property of the coatings include the elasticity and hardness of resin, the type of filler and the hardness and content of micron filler. These abrasion resistant coatings are mainly used for sand discharge tunnels, flood discharge tunnels and the overflow surfaces of hydropower projects.