Abstract: Based on the relationship between energy and flow within the bed-surface layer,a relationship between the bedload sediment transport rate and effective stream power within the bed-surface layer is derived.The measured data show that the bedload sediment transport rate is related more closely to the effective stream power within the bed-surface layer than to the river stream power.Verification results of more than 2 800 runs of channel experiment data and field data show that this formula has good applicability and high accuracy,and is better than the other formulae for bedload sediment transport rate based on the stream power.