湄公河干流径流变化及其对下游的影响

An analysis of Mekong River runoff change and its impact on the Mekong River downstream

摘要: 湄公河水资源丰富,径流时空变化大.在阐述湄公河水资源及其开发利用状况的基础上,分析了下湄公河干流径流变化及其对洞里萨湖和湄公河三角洲的影响.研究表明:影响湄公河干流径流的水量主要来自老挝,对湄公河干流径流贡献最大的是巴色―上丁段;流域水电开发和水资源利用,改变了下游水文条件,主要使下游汛期洪水威胁减小,枯季径流增加;湄公河水倒灌进入洞里萨湖,在雨季蓄积大量洪水,对湄公河金边以下径流起着天然调节作用,减缓了湄公河三角洲海水入侵和洪水影响,提高了旱季农业灌溉保证率.

Abstract: The Mekong River is rich in water resources and has a large temporal and spatial variation of runoff.On the basis of description of the Mekong River water resources and its development and utilization status,this paper analyzes the Mekong River runoff variation and its impact on the Tonle Sap Lake and the Mekong Delta.The research shows that: the flow of the Mekong River comes mainly from Laos and the segment of Pakse-Stung Treng is the biggest source of flow to the Mekong River;the hydropower development a...