Abstract: The highest temperature is an important index in temperature control of the concrete dam. The highest temperature of the concrete placing area can not be too high nor too low. If the highest temperature is too high, it would cause the larger cooling rate; if the highest temperature is too low, it would have certain effects on early mechanical properties of concrete. During actual construction， the highest temperature may be too high in the high temperature season and too low in the low temperature season. But engineering units pay less attention to the over-low temperature at present. So it is of great significance to adjust cooling measures to ensure the appropriate highest temperature for concrete placing. Thus, a method combined with numerical calculation, uniform design and neural network is used to optimize the cooling measures, which can make sure the uniformity control of the highest temperature. Analyses of calculation examples show that this method is not only feasible but also can ensure appropriate temperature distribution in order to meet the requirements of joint grouting in actual construction process of concrete dams.