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Three-dimensional numerical simulation analysis of landslide surge in reservoir area
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摘要: 针对某水库库区的3#变形体滑坡涌浪问题，采用三维数值模拟方法分析库区滑坡涌浪传播过程，研究网格尺寸对数值分析计算精度的影响，同时建立1∶280的水工物理模型进行验证，并与潘家铮法计算的涌浪高度进行对比。结果表明：数值分析计算精度与模拟网格尺寸、涌浪剧烈程度及涌浪传播距离有关；三维数值分析和物理模型试验得到的涌浪高度变化曲线的趋势基本一致，涌浪传播至坝前时,各种方法得到的坝前涌浪高度误差较小，数值分析结果可作为大坝安全影响的评价依据。3#变形体形成的涌浪在第4次波峰（t=151 s）时超过坝顶超高约8.37 m，仅占最大坝高的3.3%，且过流量有限，不会对大坝安全构成威胁。Abstract: Aiming at the 3# deformation body landslide surge in a reservoir area, we use three-dimensional numerical simulation to analyze the landslide surge propagation process in the reservoir area, and the effect of grid size on the accuracy of numerical analysis calculations is studied. Meanwhile, a 1∶280 hydraulic physical model test is established for verification, and the results are compared with the surge height calculated by the Pan's method. The results show that the calculation accuracy of numerical analysis is related to the model grid size, the severity of the surge, and the distance of the surge. The three-dimensional numerical analysis and model tests have basically the same trend of the surge height. When the surge wave spreads to the front of the dam, the error of the surge height obtained by various methods is small, and the numerical analysis results can be used as the basis for evaluating the dam safety impact. The surge formed by 3# deformation body surpasses the dam crest by about 8.37 m at the 4th peak (t=151 s), only 3.3% of the maximum dam height, and the overflow is limited, which will not pose a threat to dam safety.
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Key words:
- landslide surge /
- numerical simulation /
- model test /
- dam safety
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图 3 水库滑体及滑体堆积过程模拟
Figure 3. Simulation of reservoir sliding body and sliding body accumulation
图 4 不同网格尺寸下二维模型计算的涌浪形态及涌浪高度
Figure 4. Calculation of initial surge shape and surge height by two-dimensional model with different grid sizes
图 5 不同网格尺寸下三维模型计算的初始涌浪形态
Figure 5. Calculation of initial surge shape by three-dimensional model with different grid sizes
图 6 三维模型不同网格尺寸计算涌浪高度变化曲线
Figure 6. Surge height curves calculated by 3D model with different grid sizes
图 7 各监测点数值模拟和模型试验涌浪高度对比
Figure 7. Comparison of surge heights between numerical simulation and model test at each monitoring point
表 1 多种方法得到的库区涌浪高度
Table 1. Surge heights calculated by various calculation methods in the reservoir area
单位：m 计算方法 涌浪高度 落水点对岸 距落水点330 m 坝前，距落水点1 300 m 潘家铮法 4.84 4.10 3.18 数值分析
（有/无挡水建筑物）13.54 9.65 10.86/4.29 水工物理模型试验 23.35 18.87 13.74 
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