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Application of artificial fish swarm algorithm in optimal allocation of water resources in Hejian County, China
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摘要: 河北省是我国高强度需水与水资源自产量极不匹配的区域，在经济高速发展的当下，科学优化配置区域水资源显得尤为关键和重要。考虑用水总量红线和用水效率红线的约束作用，以河北沧州河间市为研究区，建立了以社会效益和经济效益为目标函数的水资源优化配置模型，并采用人工鱼群算法求解该模型。结果表明：在规划水平年2025年，河间市可供水量为10 727.88 万m3，龙华店乡缺水率高达50.8%，各乡镇缺水主要集中在农业上；水资源优化配置后，各行业用水矛盾有了明显改善。研究结果可为河间市水资源精细化管理提供关键技术支撑，也可为北方其他县域水资源优化配置提供借鉴和参考。Abstract: Hebei Province is a region where high water demand and low water resources self-yield are extremely unmatched in China and even in the world. With the rapid economic development, it is particularly significant to optimize the allocation of regional water resources scientifically. In this study, Hejian County, located in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, was selected as the study area. Considering the constraint effect of two forbidden red lines of water use amount and water use efficiency, an optimal allocation model of water resources taking social and economic benefits as objective function was established. Then Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm was employed to solve the model. The results indicate that the available water supply would be 107.28 million m3 in Hejian County and the water shortage rate would be as high as 50.8% in Longhuadian Town, and the water scarcity in each township would be mainly concentrated in agriculture in the planning year of 2025. The water use contradiction in various industries would be obviously improved after the optimal allocation of water resources. The achievements can provide key technical support for the fine management of water resources in Hejian County, and can also provide a reference for other counties in the north to optimize the allocation of water resources.
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表 1 河间市现状用水情况
Table 1. Quantity of different water uses
单位：104 m3 水源类型 生活 工业 农业 生态 合计 地表水 − − 6 101 − 6 101 外调水 748 − − − 748 地下水 1 682 1 210 3 637 − 6 529 再生水 − − 380 400 780 合计 2 430 1 210 10 118 400 14 158 
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表 2 河间市2025年平水年供需水量预测
Table 2. Predicted quantity of water demand and supply for different users in 2025
单位：104 m3 行政分区 需水量 可供水量 生活 工业 生态 农业 总量上限 总量下限 北石槽乡 59.09 13.18 16.19 344.20 432.66 346.13 315.97 故仙乡 95.34 26.72 6.97 768.34 897.37 717.90 631.71 果子洼乡 62.23 5.68 4.55 124.20 196.66 157.33 207.93 行别营乡 104.76 21.23 7.65 384.37 518.01 414.41 440.43 景和镇 79.07 8.18 5.78 452.49 545.52 436.42 422.29 黎民居乡 110.47 13.94 8.07 631.73 764.21 611.37 589.74 留古寺镇 86.78 14.81 6.34 380.85 488.78 391.02 394.51 龙华店乡 63.09 744.39 4.61 424.97 1237.06 989.65 644.97 米各庄镇 181.84 33.43 13.28 500.74 729.29 583.43 636.44 沙河桥镇 119.32 20.55 8.72 568.92 717.51 574.01 587.83 沙洼乡 95.91 12.03 7.01 432.22 547.17 437.74 442.87 诗经村乡 151.58 23.58 11.07 735.36 921.59 737.27 730.19 时村乡 71.36 14.00 5.21 528.22 618.79 495.03 429.83 束城镇 152.15 36.47 11.12 432.27 632.01 505.61 574.88 卧佛堂镇 140.44 9.56 10.26 481.73 641.99 513.59 600.89 西九吉乡 73.36 7.37 5.36 471.18 557.27 445.82 428.89 兴村乡 144.44 13.01 10.55 735.73 903.73 722.98 750.85 尊祖庄乡 94.20 31.64 6.88 433.69 566.41 453.13 456.53 河间市区 1 031.64 160.61 43.48 327.08 1 562.81 1 250.25 1 441.13 合计 2 917.08 1 210.40 193.10 9 158.31 13 478.84 10 783.07 10 727.88
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表 3 河间市2025年平水年水资源优化配置结果
Table 3. Optimal allocation of water resources in 2025 (P=50%)
行政分区 需水量/104 m3 分配水量/104 m3 缺水量/104 m3 缺水率/% 生活 工业 生态 农业 合计 北石槽乡 346.13 47.27 9.63 12.95 246.12 315.97 30.16 9.5 故仙乡 717.90 76.27 18.81 4.91 531.72 631.71 86.19 13.6 果子洼乡 196.66 62.23 5.68 4.55 124.20 196.66 0 0 行别营乡 440.43 89.07 18.05 6.5 326.81 440.43 0 0 景和镇 436.42 63.26 6.33 4.46 348.24 422.29 14.13 3.3 黎民居乡 611.37 88.38 10.76 6.23 484.37 589.74 21.63 3.7 留古寺镇 394.51 70.04 11.95 5.12 307.40 394.51 0 0 龙华店乡 989.65 50.47 394.89 2.44 208.44 656.24 333.41 50.8 米各庄镇 636.44 158.69 29.17 11.59 436.99 636.44 0 0 沙河桥镇 587.83 97.76 16.84 7.14 466.09 587.83 0 0 沙洼乡 442.87 77.63 9.74 5.67 349.83 442.87 0 0 诗经村乡 737.27 121.26 18.68 8.77 581.48 730.19 7.08 1.0 时村乡 495.03 57.09 9.73 3.62 359.39 429.83 65.20 15.2 束城镇 574.88 138.40 33.17 10.12 393.19 578.44 0 0 卧佛堂镇 600.89 131.45 8.95 9.60 450.89 600.89 0 0 西九吉乡 445.82 58.69 5.67 4.13 360.40 428.89 16.93 3.9 兴村乡 750.85 120.01 10.81 8.77 611.26 750.85 0 0 尊祖庄乡 456.53 75.93 25.50 5.55 349.55 456.53 0 0 河间市区 1 441.13 951.32 148.10 40.10 301.61 1 441.13 0 0 合计 10 783.07 2 535.22 792.46 162.22 7 237.98 10 727.88 574.73 5.4
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