Email Alerts
RSS
A parameterized general model of water, ice and snow albedo
-
摘要: 对于气候寒冷、降雪频繁的冰封河湖，冰盖和雪盖的反照率对气候和冰厚变化有很大影响。应用Fresnel理论得出纯水和纯水冰可用相同反照率公式计算的结论。基于现有的原型观测资料，提出了水冰反照率参数化通用模型。在此基础上，借鉴CCSM3雪冰日平均反照率参数化模型，提出了水冰雪反照率参数化通用模型。该模型考虑了纬度及地球自转和环绕太阳运行的规律，具有很好的普适性。计算分析表明，纬度和日期对水冰雪日平均反照率有很大影响，反照率大小随日期或月份变化，纬度越高，反照率越大。与冰厚对反照率的影响相比，太阳高度角随纬度和日期变化产生的影响大得多。水冰雪反照率参数化通用模型计算结果与原型观测结果的对比证明，两者吻合较好，而现有常用以冰厚为依据的反照率模型计算结果远远偏离观测结果。Abstract: For frozen rivers and lakes with cold climate and frequent snowfall, the albedo of ice cover and snow cover has great influence on climate and ice thickness change. Using Fresnel theory, it is concluded that pure water and pure water ice can be calculated by the same albedo formula. Then, based on the existing prototype observation data, a general parameterization model of water-ice albedo is proposed. On this basis, referring to the parameterization model of CCSM3 snow-ice daily average albedo, a general parameterization model of water-ice-snow albedo is proposed, considering the latitude, the earth's rotation and the variation laws around the sun, thus making the model very universal. Calculation and analysis show that latitude and date have great influence on the daily average albedo of water, ice and snow, and the albedo varies with the date or month. The higher the latitude, the greater the albedo. Compared with the influence of ice thickness on albedo, the influence of solar altitude angle on latitude and date changes is much greater. The comparison between the calculation results of the general parameterization model of water-ice-snow albedo and the prototype observation results proves that the two are in good agreement, while the calculation results of the existing commonly used albedo model based on ice thickness are far from the observation results.
-
Key words:
- solar radiation /
- solar altitude angle /
- latitude /
- ice and snow /
- albedo /
- parameterization
-
图 2 理论计算和实测
${a_{\rm{s}}}$ 与$\alpha $ 对比曲线Figure 2. Changes of theoretical and measured
${a_{\rm{s}}}$ with$\alpha $ 
图 3
${\alpha _{{\rm{max}}}}$ ，${a_{{\rm{sm}}}}$ 和${a_{{\rm{s}},\;{\rm{min}}}}$ 随$L$ 和t($n$ )的变化曲线Figure 3. Changes of
${\alpha _{{\rm{max}}}}$ ，${a_{{\rm{sm}}}}$ and${a_{{\rm{s}},\;{\rm{min}}}}$ with$L$ and t($n$ ) -
[1] BRIEGLEB B P, BITZ C M, HUNKE E C, et al. Scientific description of the sea ice component in the community climate system model (version three)[M]. Boulder: National Center for Atmospheric Research, 2004. [2] BRIEGLEB B P, LIGHT B. A delta-eddington multiple scattering parameterization for solar radiation in the sea ice component of the community climate system model[M]. Boulder: National Center for Atmospheric Research, 2007. [3] 罗杰, 李斐, 程青, 等. 海冰反照率参数化和遥感反演方法及其产品的研究评述[J]. 地球物理学进展,2020,35(2):445-460. (LUO Jie, LI Fei, CHENG Qing, et al. Review on sea ice albedo parameterization and remote sensing inversion methods and products[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2020, 35(2): 445-460. (in Chinese) doi: 10.6038/pg2020DD0112 [4] YANG Q H, LIU J P, LEPPÄRANTA M, et al. Albedo of coastal landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, Antarctica: observations and parameterization[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, 33(5): 535-543. doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-5114-7 [5] ARST H, ERM A, LEPPÄRANTA M, et al. Radiative characteristics of ice-covered fresh-and brackish-water bodies[J]. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology, 2006, 55(1): 3-23. [6] LI Z G, AO Y H, LIU S H, et al. Investigation of the ice surface albedo in the Tibetan Plateau lakes based on the field observation and MODIS products[J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2018, 64(245): 506-516. doi: 10.1017/jog.2018.35 [7] ASHTON G D. River and lake ice engineering[M]. Littleton: Water Resources Publications, 1986: 216-233. [8] 翁笃鸣. 试论总辐射的气候学计算方法[J]. 气象学报,1964,34(3):304-315. (WENG Duming. On the climatological calculation method of total radiation[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1964, 34(3): 304-315. (in Chinese) [9] 王炳忠, 张富国, 李立贤. 我国的太阳能资源及其计算[J]. 太阳能学报,1980,1(1):1-9. (WANG Bingzhong, ZHANG Fuguo, LI Lixian. Solar energy resources in China[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 1980, 1(1): 1-9. (in Chinese) [10] 和清华, 谢云. 我国太阳总辐射气候学计算方法研究[J]. 自然资源学报,2010,25(2):308-319. (HE Qinghua, XIE Yun. Research on the climatological calculation method of solar radiation in China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2010, 25(2): 308-319. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2010.02.015 [11] 孙志方. 鲁西北地区鱼塘水体反射率[J]. 湖泊科学,1996,8(3):222-228. (SUN Zhifang. Water albedo of fish pond in northwest Shandong Province[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 1996, 8(3): 222-228. (in Chinese) doi: 10.18307/1996.0305 [12] BOLSENGA S J. Total albedo of Great Lakes ice[J]. Water Resources Research, 1969, 5(5): 1132-1133. doi: 10.1029/WR005i005p01132 [13] 曹畅, 李旭辉, 张弥, 等. 太湖湖表反照率时空特征及影响因子[J]. 环境科学,2015,36(10):3611-3619. (CAO Chang, LI Xuhui, ZHANG Mi, et al. Temporal and spatial characteristics of Lake Taihu surface albedo and its impact factors[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(10): 3611-3619. (in Chinese) [14] MULLEN P C, WARREN S G. Theory of the optical properties of lake ice[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 1988, 93(D7): 8403-8414. doi: 10.1029/JD093iD07p08403 [15] PEROVICH D K, ROESLER C S, PEGAU W S. Variability in Arctic sea ice optical properties[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1998, 103(C1): 1193-1208. doi: 10.1029/97JC01614 [16] HENNEMAN H E, STEFAN H G. Measurements and models of snow and ice albedo on a lake: reports from the 1996 to 1997 ryan lake winter field studies[M]. Minnesota: St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 1997. [17] 杨清华, 张占海, 刘骥平, 等. 海冰反照率参数化方案的研究回顾[J]. 地球科学进展,2010,25(1):14-21. (YANG Qinghua, ZHANG Zhanhai, LIU Jiping, et al. Review of sea ice albedo parameterizations[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2010, 25(1): 14-21. (in Chinese) [18] LIU J P, ZHANG Z H, INOUE J, et al. Evaluation of snow/ice albedo parameterizations and their impacts on sea ice simulations[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2007, 27(1): 81-91. doi: 10.1002/joc.1373 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(5)
计量
- 文章访问数: 111
- HTML全文浏览量: 52
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
