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Ecosystem health assessment and spatial and temporal change characteristics of the Yangtze River Economic Belt
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摘要: 长江经济带生态系统的健康是支撑我国经济社会可持续发展的重要基础。基于“活力-组织力-恢复力-贡献力”评价指标体系，构建长江经济带生态系统健康评估模型，对2000年和2015年各县市的生态系统健康状况进行评估。结果表明：(1)长江经济带生态系统健康空间分异格局总体呈现北部高南部低、上游高下游低的特点，生态系统健康指数的高值区主要位于云南省，低值区主要位于安徽省和江苏省；(2)与2000年相比，2015年生态系统健康指数整体增加，局部降低，其中，生态系统健康指数下降的区域主要位于长三角沿海地区；(3) 2015年长江经济带生态系统健康以四因子主导为主，四因子主导区占研究区县市总数的41.2%，且大部分四因子主导区是由原组织力-恢复力-贡献力主导区转化而来。总体而言，研究时段内长江经济带生态系统健康状况有所恢复，但在人类干扰较大的地区有所下降。Abstract: The health of ecosystem in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is an important key factor to the sustainable development of China’s economy and society. Based on the framework of Vigor-Organization-Resilience Contribution, an ecosystem health assessment model was built for the YREB, and the ecosystem health for each country in 2000 and 2015 was analyzed. The result showed that: (1) The ecosystem health was higher in the upstream and south of the Yangtze River (e.g. Yunnan province), while lower in the downstream and north of the Yangtze River (e.g. Anhui province and Jiangsu province); (2) An overall increase of ecosystem health index was detected from 2000 to 2015. However, in some local areas, especially coastal regions of Yangtze River Delta Area, the ecosystem health index decreased; (3) In 2015, the ecosystem health of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was dominated by four factors, the four-factor dominant area accounted for 41.2% of the total area, and most of them were transformed from the primary three-factor dominant area in 2000. In general, the ecosystem health of the YREB recovered during the study period, but declined in the areas with intensified human activities.
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Key words:
- ecosystem /
- health assessment /
- spatial pattern /
- dynamic change /
- Yangtze River Economic Belt
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图 3 长江经济带土地利用类型空间分布
Figure 3. Distribution of land-use in types Yangtze River Economic Belt
图 4 长江经济带生态系统健康评估指标体系
Figure 4. Ecosystem health assessment system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt
图 7 长江经济带生态系统健康指数分区统计结果
Figure 7. Ecosystem health index of different regions in Yangtze River Economic Belt
图 8 长江经济带生态系统健康指数概率密度和累积概率密度
Figure 8. Probability density and cumulative probability density of ecosystem health index in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
图 10 长江经济带生态系统健康主导因子类型空间格局
Figure 10. Spatial pattern of dominant ecosystem health factors in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
图 11 长江经济带生态系统健康主导因子类型数
Figure 11. Number of dominant factors of ecosystem health in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
表 1 长江经济带单位面积生态系统服务价值
Table 1. Classification of ecosystem services and the values per unit
单位: 千元/km2 一级类型 二级类型 农田 林地 草地 水域 建设用地 未利用土地 湿地 河流湖泊 供给服务 食物生产 263.3 86.9 113.2 94.8 139.5 0 5.3 原材料生产 102.7 784.5 94.8 63.2 92.1 0 10.5 调节服务 气体调节 189.5 1 137.2 394.9 634.4 134.3 0 15.8 气候调节 255.4 1 071.4 410.7 3 567.0 542.3 0 34.2 水文调节 202.7 1 076.7 400.1 3 538.1 4 941.2 0 18.4 废物处理 365.9 452.8 347.5 3 790.8 3 909.3 0 68.4 支持服务 保持土壤 387.0 1058.3 589.7 523.9 107.9 0 44.8 维系生物多样性 268.5 1 187.3 492.3 971.4 902.9 0 105.3 文化服务 提供美学景观 44.8 547.6 229.0 1 234.6 1 168.8 0 63.2 合计 2 079.8 7 402.7 3 072.2 14 418.2 11 938.3 0 365.9 
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