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Reservoir abutment leakage diagnosis based on parallel electrical method
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摘要: 土石体混合结构是水库大坝防渗主体的重要形式，但散粒体填筑料之间及与相邻建筑物之间的结合部位常常是隐患的多发区域，其中水库大坝接触带渗漏表现得最为普遍且诊断难度较大。为探究并行电法在探测水库两坝肩岩土接触带及岩基部位渗漏的可行性，通过构建水库坝肩渗漏通道物理模型，利用并行电法的AM采集方式得到视电阻率及反演电阻率剖面图，并结合水库探测实例进行了应用分析。研究结果表明：并行电法技术采集数据反演后得到的图像能较好地反映出模型设置的渗漏通道位置，但因水库坝肩岩土体的异型结构，视电阻率剖面对坝肩低阻区反应灵敏度不高，反演电阻率剖面仍存在较高的体积效应。青山水库坝肩渗漏探测结果与钻探验证结果一致，这表明并行电法可为探查坝肩渗漏隐患提供新的技术手段。Abstract: The mixed soil and rock structure is an important form of seepage control in reservoir dams, but the combination of bulk fill materials and adjacent buildings is often the area of potential problems, among which leakage in the contact zone of reservoir dams is the most common and difficult to diagnose. In order to investigate the feasibility of the parallel electrical method in detecting leakage in the contact zone and the rock base of the two dam shoulders, a physical model of the leakage channel of the dam shoulders was constructed, and the AM acquisition method of the parallel electrical method was used to obtain the apparent resistivity and inverse resistivity profiles. The results of the study show that the images obtained from the inversion of the data collected by the parallel electrical technique can better reflect the leakage channel location set by the model, but due to the heterogeneous structure of the reservoir shoulder geotechnical body, the apparent resistivity profile is not very sensitive to the low resistance area of the dam shoulder, and the inverse resistivity profile still has a high volume effect. The results of leakage detection at the shoulder of Qingshan Reservoir are consistent with the results of the drilling verification, which indicates that the parallel electrical method can provide a new technical means to investigate the potential leakage of the dam abutment.
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图 1 AM法解编后电极电位分布及数据采集
Figure 1. Potential distribution and data acquisition of electrode after AM method
图 2 填筑料电阻率随含水率的变化曲线
Figure 2. Relation curve between resistivity and water content of clay medium
图 4 坝肩接触带渗漏模型探测结果
Figure 4. Results of electrical survey on leakage model for abutment contact zone
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