黄爱明,顾南,胡永胜,等. 以降水为基础的淮北浅埋区涝渍分析与评价[J]. 水利水运工程学报,2022(2):21-30. DOI: 10.12170/20210315002
引用本文: 黄爱明,顾南,胡永胜,等. 以降水为基础的淮北浅埋区涝渍分析与评价[J]. 水利水运工程学报,2022(2):21-30. DOI: 10.12170/20210315002
(HUANG Aiming, GU Nan, HU Yongsheng, et al. Evaluation of waterlogging in Huaibei plain based on precipitation analysis[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering, 2022(2): 21-30. (in Chinese)). DOI: 10.12170/20210315002
Citation: (HUANG Aiming, GU Nan, HU Yongsheng, et al. Evaluation of waterlogging in Huaibei plain based on precipitation analysis[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering, 2022(2): 21-30. (in Chinese)). DOI: 10.12170/20210315002

以降水为基础的淮北浅埋区涝渍分析与评价

Evaluation of waterlogging in Huaibei plain based on precipitation analysis

  • 摘要: 淮北平原涝渍灾害严重,研究淮北浅埋区的地下水埋深对降水的响应规律及涝渍评价方法,对科学规划区域排涝减灾及农作物增产具有重要意义。基于五道沟实验站32年的日降水、地下水埋深及土壤水分数据,利用数理统计的方法分析了五道沟实验站降水、地下水埋深变化特征,同时分析了作物和不同雨强的降水对地下水埋深的影响。利用正距平法和Z指数法对五道沟实验站涝情进行评价。结果表明:淮北浅埋区的年内降水主要集中在5—9月;作物生长前期需水少,降水补给量决定了地下水水位的增长幅度,后期需水量过大,地下水水位会持续下降;地下水埋深在年内呈现双峰变化,在地下水浅埋区,地下水埋深对一定范围内的降水具有弹性;对比不同雨强下地下水水位的响应时间发现,随着雨强的增大,地下水水位的响应时间逐渐减小;两种方法均能较好评价淮北浅埋区的涝渍情况,但长期无降水、地下水位过低时会高估受涝渍灾害的严重性,且Z指数法高估程度更明显。

     

    Abstract: Waterlogging in the Huaibei plain has been a serious natural disaster which attracts tremendous attentions from government and local communities due to its huge influence on society and economy. It is of significance to study the response law of groundwater depth to precipitation change and the method of waterlogging evaluation for supporting the planning of regional drainage disaster reduction and crop harvest. Based on daily data of precipitation, groundwater depth and soil moisture measured at the Wudaogou Experimental Station with a time span of 32 years, the variation characteristics of precipitation and groundwater depth were analyzed by using statistical methods. Meanwhile, the effects of crops and different rainfall intensity on groundwater depth were investigated. Further more, waterlogging situation was evaluated by using the positive anomaly method and Z index method. The results show that annual precipitation in the shallow groundwater area in Huaibei plain mainly concentrates in the period from May to September. Precipitation dominates the increase range of groundwater level in the early stage of crop growth due to less water demand. However, groundwater level would continually decline in the crop growing stage due to dramatic increase in water demand. The groundwater depth presents a bimodal variation over a year. In the shallow groundwater area, the groundwater depth is elastic to the precipitation within a certain range. By comparing the response time of groundwater level under different rainfall intensities, it is found that the response time of groundwater level gradually decreases with the increase of rainfall intensity. Both the positive anomaly method and the Z index method are effective in evaluating the waterlogging situation in the shallow groundwater area of Huaibei. However, the Z index method might overestimate the severity of waterlogging disaster for a long-lasting drought and low groundwater level before rainfall occurs.

     

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