胡庆芳,朱荣进,王银堂,等. 太湖流域典型洪水的降水和水位要素解析[J]. 水利水运工程学报,2022(5):40-49. doi: 10.12170/20210914001
引用本文: 胡庆芳,朱荣进,王银堂,等. 太湖流域典型洪水的降水和水位要素解析[J]. 水利水运工程学报,2022(5):40-49. doi: 10.12170/20210914001
(HU Qingfang, ZHU Rongjin, WANG Yintang, et al. Analysis of precipitation and water level elements for typical floods in the Taihu Lake Basin[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering, 2022(5): 40-49. (in Chinese)). doi: 10.12170/20210914001
Citation: (HU Qingfang, ZHU Rongjin, WANG Yintang, et al. Analysis of precipitation and water level elements for typical floods in the Taihu Lake Basin[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering, 2022(5): 40-49. (in Chinese)). doi: 10.12170/20210914001

太湖流域典型洪水的降水和水位要素解析

Analysis of precipitation and water level elements for typical floods in the Taihu Lake Basin

  • 摘要: 为加深对流域洪水运动规律的认识,开展了太湖流域2020年洪水与2016年、1999年和1991年3场历史洪水的对比分析,全面剖析了4场流域性洪水对应的降水、水位要素的异同。结果表明:在降水时程分布上,1991年、1999年和2016年致洪降水过程比较集中但存在间歇期,而2020年致洪降水可视为一次连续降水过程,累积雨量大但时程分布较均匀;在降水空间分布上,1991年与2016年洪水期降水为“北部型”降水,北部水利分区致洪雨量明显高于其他分区,1999年为“南部型”降水,南部水利分区致洪雨量明显高于其他分区,而2020年则为“全流域型”降水,各水利分区致洪降水差异相对较小。受降水过程影响,1991年、1999年和2016年洪水期太湖水位上涨过程中存在一定回落或平稳期,但2020年洪水期太湖水位表现为持续性上涨过程。2020年洪水期南部浙西区代表站最高水位明显超过了1991年和2016年,但北部湖西区和武澄锡虞区水位情势不及1991年、1999年和2016年严峻。总体上,2020年太湖流域洪水规模与强度低于1999年等年份,其灾害损失也较小,但对流域及区域设计暴雨、洪水计算和洪水调度仍具有重要参考价值。

     

    Abstract: In this study, we comprehensively compared the flood in 2020 with three historical floods in 2016, 1999 and 1991 in the Taihu Lake Basin, and analyzed the similarities and differences of the precipitation and water level elements corresponding to the four floods. It was found that in terms of the time distribution, the flood-causing precipitation processes in 1991, 1999 and 2016 were relatively concentrated but with intermittent periods, while the flood-causing precipitation in 2020 could be regarded as a continuous precipitation process, with a larger cumulative rainfall but a more uniform time distribution. In terms of the spatial distribution, the flood-causing precipitation in 1991 and 2016 were “Northern Type”, with precipitation in the northern sub-areas in the Taihu Lake Basin significantly higher than other sub-areas. However, the flood-causing precipitation in 1999 was “Southern Type”, with precipitation in the southern sub-areas higher than other sub-areas. However, in 2020, the flood-causing precipitation had different spatial distribution, with relatively small gaps among all the sub-areas. Influenced by the precipitation process, the water level of the Taihu Lake for the floods in 1991, 1999 and 2016 had a remarkable fall or a stable period. However, for the flood in 2020, it showed a continuous increasing process. During the flood period in 2020, the highest water level at the representative gauges in the southern sub area of Zhexi obviously exceeded that in 1991 and 2016, but the water level situation in the northern sub-areas of Huxi and Wuchengxiyu was less severe than in 1991, 1999 and 2016. In general, the intensity of floods in the Taihu Lake Basin in 2020 was lower than that in 1999 and other two years, and its disaster losses were also significantly smaller. However, the flood in 2020 was still of important value to the rainstorm and flood design and operation in the Taihu Lake Basin and its sub-areas.

     

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