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Impact of SSC distribution in Hangzhou Bay after 1307 typhoon through satellite images
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摘要: 水体中悬沙含量的变化对近岸海洋工程、港口航道疏浚等工程具有重要影响。浙江沿岸海区经常遭受不同程度台风的侵袭，台风经过后的一段时间内近岸海域水体中悬沙含量将发生明显改变。为定量研究台风对杭州湾含沙量分布的影响，选择2013年第7号台风“苏力”，结合逐时遥感影像和高精度含沙量反演算法，通过农历日期来确定正常天气下的代表日期，对比台风期间和正常天气下情况下杭州湾海域悬沙含量随潮汐变化情况。台风“苏力”登陆后，杭州湾海域含沙量整体呈增大趋势，杭州湾中部海域增幅在0.10~0.50 kg/m3，高平时刻和低平时刻附近表层含沙量增幅大于其他时刻。海水表层含沙量增大的原因主要是台风期间风应力增大产生的垂向混合及垂向剪切应力增强，将下层水体中的悬浮泥沙输运至表层。Abstract: The variation in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) has an important impact on coastal engineering and the maintenance of waterways. Typhoon occurs frequently along Zhejiang coasts in summer, after the typhoon passes, the suspended sediment concentration will change significantly. In this study, the distributions of SSC during Typhoon Soulik (July 2013) were observed through hourly geostationary satellite remote sensing images and an appropriate remote sensing model. To quantitatively analyse the SSC variation between normal weather and typhoons days, we determined the representative date of normal weather by the lunar date. The results indicate that the SSC increased in Hangzhou Bay after Typhoon Soulik, and in the middle of Hangzhou Bay, the SSC increased by 0.10-0.50 kg/m3, and the increase of SSC near high and low time was greater than other moments. The vertical mixing caused by the increase of wind stress and the enhancement of vertical shear stress during typhoon are the main reasons for the increase of sediment concentration, and the vertical process transports the SSC below the surface to surface.
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Key words:
- typhoon /
- suspended sediment concentration /
- hourly satellite images /
- Hangzhou Bay
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图 1 2013年第7号台风“苏力”路径及杭州湾位置
Figure 1. The track of Typhoon Soulik in 2013 and the location of Hangzhou Bay
图 2 2013年7月和2018年7月T1站潮位和风速情况
Figure 2. Tidal elevation and wind speed in T1 during July in 2013 and 2018
图 3 杭州湾内同步潮位、流向、流速和含沙量随时间变化
Figure 3. The time series of synchronous tidal elevation, tidal direction, tidal current and suspended sediment concentration in Hangzhou Bay
图 4 2018年7月19日GOCI反演的杭州湾海域逐时表层含沙量 （单位：kg/m3）
Figure 4. Hourly maps of SSC in Hangzhou Bay according to the GOCI on July 19, 2018 （unit: kg/m3）
图 5 2013年7月14日GOCI反演的杭州湾海域逐时表层含沙量 （单位：kg/m3）
Figure 5. Hourly maps of SSC in Hangzhou Bay according to the GOCI on July 14, 2013 （unit: kg/m3）
图 6 台风期间和正常天气前后杭州湾海域表层含沙量逐时变化情况
Figure 6. The hourly difference in SSC distribution around Hangzhou Bay during typhoon and normal weather condition
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