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Research on the uniaxial compressive behavior of hydraulic roller compacted concrete subjected to freeze-thaw cycles
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摘要: 为研究冻融循环和加载应变率对水工碾压混凝土抗压力学性能的影响，通过室内模拟碾压混凝土坝工程配合比和施工工艺制备碾压混凝土试件，开展不同冻融循环次数（0、25、50、75次）下的冻融试验和不同加载应变率（10−5/s、10−4/s、10−3/s、10−2/s）下的单轴压缩试验，分析碾压混凝土冻融表观特征及加载破坏形态，研究冻融循环次数和加载应变率对抗压力学性能的影响规律；并基于多元回归分析方法，构建抗压强度、峰值应变、应力-应变曲线与冻融循环次数和加载应变率的相关关系。结果表明：碾压混凝土抗压强度与加载应变率呈线性增强关系，与冻融循环次数满足二次多项式的劣化关系；峰值应变与加载应变率满足二次多项式的降低关系，与冻融循环次数满足二次多项式的增长关系。通过全应力-应变拟合曲线与试验曲线的比较发现，在研究的应变率和冻融循环次数范围内，二者吻合较好。Abstract: In order to study the effect of freeze-thaw cycles and loading strain rate on the compressive behavior of hydraulic roller compacted concrete, actual mix design and construction technology of hydraulic concrete dam project was considered to prepare specimens, and the freeze-thaw tests with various cycles (0, 25, 50, 75) and dynamic uniaxial compressive tests with different loading strain rates (10−5/s, 10−4/s, 10−3/s, 10−2/s) were conducted for roller compacted concrete. The freeze-thaw appearance and failure mode subjected to dynamic uniaxial compressive loading and freeze-thaw cycles were analyzed. The effects of freeze-thaw cycles and strain rates on uniaxial compressive strength, peak strain and stress-strain curves were studied, and the corresponding relationship was established based on multiple regression analysis method. The results show that the compressive strength increases linearly with the increasing strain rates and reduces with the increasing freeze-thaw cycles in accordance with two-polynomial relation. The peak strain reduces with the increasing strain rates in accordance with two-polynomial relation, and increases with the increasing strain rates in accordance with two-polynomial relation. By comparing the theoretical stress-strain curves obtained from the constitutive model with the experimental curves, it is revealed that they are in good agreement with the studied range of strain rates and freeze-thaw cycles.
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图 2 不同冻融循环次数后加载破坏形态
Figure 2. Failure mode subjected to different freezing-thawing cycles
图 4 质量损失率与冻融循环次数的关系曲线
Figure 4. Relationship between mass loss rate and freezing-thawing cycles
图 5 相对动弹性模量与冻融循环次数的关系曲线
Figure 5. Relationship between relative dynamic elasticity modulus and freezing-thawing cycles
图 6 不同冻融循环次数下fcd与
${\dot \varepsilon _{\text{d}}}$ 关系Figure 6. Relationship between fcd and
${\dot\varepsilon _{\text{d}}}$ under different freezing-thawing cycles
图 7 不同冻融循环次数下Dσ与
${\dot \varepsilon _{\text{d}}}/{\dot \varepsilon _{\text{s}}}$ 关系Figure 7. Relationship between Dσ and
${\dot \varepsilon _{\text{d}}}/{\dot \varepsilon _{\text{s}}}$ under different freezing-thawing cycles
图 8 不同应变率下fcN与N关系
Figure 8. Relationship between fcN and N under different loading strain rates
图 10 不同冻融循环次数下
$ {\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}} $ 与${\dot \varepsilon _{\text{d}}}$ 关系Figure 10. Relationship between
$ {\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}} $ and${\dot \varepsilon _{\text{d}}}$ under different freezing-thawing cycles
图 11 不同冻融循环次数下
$ {{{\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}}} {{\varepsilon _{{\text{cs}}}}}}} \right. } {{\varepsilon _{{\text{cs}}}}}} $ 与${\dot \varepsilon }_{\rm{d}} / {\dot \varepsilon }_{\rm{s}}$ 关系Figure 11. Relationship between
$ {{{\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\varepsilon _{{\text{cd}}}}} {{\varepsilon _{{\text{cs}}}}}}} \right. } {{\varepsilon _{{\text{cs}}}}}} $ and${\dot \varepsilon }_{\rm{d}} / {\dot \varepsilon }_{\rm{s}}$ under different freezing-thawing cycles
图 12 不同应变率下εcN与N的关系
Figure 12. Relationship between εcN and N under different strain rates
图 13 不同应变率下εcN/εc0与N的关系
Figure 13. Relationship between εcN/εc0 and N under different strain rates
图 14 不同应变率下全应力-应变曲线
Figure 14. Complete tress-strain curves under different strain rates
图 15 不同冻融循环次数下全应力-应变曲线
Figure 15. Complete stress-strain curves under different freeze-thaw cycles
表 1 Ⅱ级配碾压混凝土组成
Table 1. Roller compacted concrete mix proportion with gradation aggregates Ⅱ
水/( kg·m−3) 水泥/( kg·m−3) 粉煤灰/( kg·m−3) 水胶比 砂率/% 砂/( kg·m−3) 粗骨料/( kg·m−3) 外加剂质量百分比/% 88 70 106 0.5 33 672 1 507 0.05 
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表 2 抗压强度结果
Table 2. Compression strength results
单位：MPa 冻融循环数/次 10−5/s 10−4/s 10−3/s 10−2/s 0 28.37 30.67 32.97 35.20 25 22.23 24.50 26.76 28.37 50 14.37 15.60 17.40 19.00 75 9.33 11.00 12.00 12.83
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表 3 峰值应变试验结果
Table 3. Peak strain results
冻融循环数/次 10−5/s 10−4/s 10−3/s 10−2/s 0 1.67×10−3 1.17×10−3 1.11×10−3 1.18×10−3 25 1.71×10−3 1.27×10−3 1.20×10−3 1.25×10−3 50 2.12×10−3 1.66×10−3 1.60×10−3 1.68×10−3 75 2.52×10−3 2.06×10−3 1.99×10−3 2.08×10−3
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表 4 全应力-应变曲线方程控制参数
Table 4. Control parameters of stress-strain equations
冻融循环数/次 10−5/s 10−4/s 10−3/s 10−2/s a b c a b c a b c a b c 0 0.256 1.007 1.820 0.202 1.308 1.997 0.158 1.625 2.192 0.108 1.945 2.512 25 −0.230 1.414 2.018 −0.066 1.717 2.171 0.018 2.044 2.344 0.036 2.325 2.623 50 0.136 1.144 2.215 0.273 1.332 2.344 0.345 1.741 2.497 0.333 1.788 2.802 75 0.468 0.886 2.412 0.576 0.994 2.518 0.641 1.278 2.649 0.644 1.290 2.963
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