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Reaction degree and morphology of cement-lithium slag slurry using different curing methods
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摘要: 锂渣反应程度对锂渣混凝土性能的影响较大，为此，采用盐酸溶解法测试水泥-锂渣浆体中锂渣的反应程度，通过电镜扫描和能谱研究水泥-锂渣砂浆的孔结构和水化产物，并探讨养护条件(标准养护、热养护、碱激发、碱激发和热养护)对上述指标的影响。结果表明：锂渣复合胶凝材料中锂渣的反应程度随龄期的延长而增大，养护条件的改变也能促进锂渣反应程度的增长，相对而言，碱激发和热养护的促进作用＞碱激发＞热养护＞标准养护；同时，锂渣的掺入或养护条件的改变都会改变砂浆的孔径分布，达到细化孔结构和改变浆体中水化产物含量的目的。因此，养护条件的改变能促进锂渣反应程度的提高和细化浆体的微观结构。Abstract: Performance of lithium slag concrete is affected greatly by the reaction degree of lithium slag. For this reason, the reaction degree of lithium slag in cement-lithium slag is tested by HCl solution method. The pore structure of mortar at 3 d is tested by scanning electron microscope(SEM), and hydration products of pure cement mortar and cement-lithium slag at 1-3 d for each curing method are tested by energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS). Four curing methods (standard curing, heat curing, alkali activated, and composite curing of alkali activated and heat curing) are presented, and their impacts on pore structure and hydration products are discussed. The research results suggest that reaction degree of lithium slag in lithium slag composite cement increases over time, which is lower in early hydration period, especially in 1-3 d. Different curing conditions have different promotion in lithium slag reaction degree. Relatively speaking, the effect of four curing conditions is in the order of composite curing> alkali excitation> heat curing> standard curing. Meanwhile, the incorporation of lithium slag or the change of curing condition will change the distribution of pore diameter, and can refine the pore structure and change the content of hydrated products in the paste. Therefore, the change of curing condition can promote the reaction degree of lithium slag and refine the microstructure of the paste.
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Key words:
- curing method /
- cement /
- lithium slag /
- reaction degree /
- morphology
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图 2 纯水泥砂浆标养3 d时的水化产物
Figure 2. Hydration products of pure cement mortar at 3 d standard curing
图 3 锂渣掺量为20%时砂浆标养1 d和3 d时的水化产物
Figure 3. Hydration products of 20% lithium slag-cement mortar at 1 d and 3 d
图 4 锂渣掺量为20%时砂浆在50 ℃水浴中养护3 d时的水化产物
Figure 4. Hydration products of 20% lithium slag-cement mortar in 50 ℃ water bath for 3 d
图 6 锂渣掺量为60%时砂浆养护3 d时的水化产物
Figure 6. Hydration products of 60% lithium slag-cement mortar at 3 d
表 1 基准水泥和锂渣的化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of cement and lithium slag
% 样品名称 Loss SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 Na2Oeq 基准水泥 2.18 25.10 6.38 4.19 54.87 2.61 2.66 0.56 锂渣 7.01 58.54 19.34 1.44 7.34 0.73 6.28 0.43 注：Na2Oeq=Na2O+0.658K2O。 
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表 2 锂渣复合水泥基材料的配合比
Table 2. Mix of lithium slag composite binder
试样编号 水胶比 锂渣复合水泥基材料的组成/% 基准水泥 锂渣 LB0 0.40 100 0 LB1 80 20 LB2 60 40 LB3 40 60 LD0 0.30 100 0 LD1 80 20 LD2 60 40 LD3 40 60 注：标准养护时编号为LB0~LB3和LD0~LD3;热(50 ℃)养护时，在LB1~LB3和LD1~LD3后加上“5”; 碱激发时，在LB1~LB3和LD1~LD3后加上“p”; 复合激发时，在LB1~LB3和LD1~LD3后加上“5p”。下同。
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表 3 标养下锂渣的反应程度
Table 3. Reaction degree of lithium slag under standard curing
% 编号 龄期/d 1 3 7 28 60 90 LB0 25.62 — 55.81 68.97 75.63 78.83 LB1 1.70 2.49 5.12 8.40 12.34 15.42 LB2 0.90 1.30 2.71 5.40 9.65 12.11 LB3 0.42 0.70 2.01 4.10 7.41 9.76 LD0 23.50 — 51.62 64.31 70.17 73.44 LD1 1.20 2.96 5.10 7.80 10.20 11.35 LD2 0.60 1.30 2.80 5.10 7.90 10.57 LD3 0.23 0.50 1.45 2.90 4.10 8.10
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表 4 热养护下锂渣的反应程度
Table 4. Reaction degree of lithium slag under high temperature curing
% 编号 龄期/d 1 3 7 28 60 90 LB15 7.12 9.01 9.32 10.89 13.34 15.62 LB25 2.71 3.44 5.11 8.40 10.45 12.11 LB35 0.68 1.05 2.41 4.21 8.41 10.76 LD15 6.20 7.70 8.40 9.80 12.20 13.00 LD25 2.60 3.31 5.00 7.80 9.90 11.30 LD35 0.60 1.01 2.30 3.90 8.10 10.00
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表 5 碱激发下锂渣的反应程度
Table 5. Reaction degree of lithium slag under alkali activated
% 编号 龄期/d 1 3 7 28 60 90 LB1p 7.82 9.87 10.22 11.36 13.92 15.90 LB3p 0.75 1.17 2.67 4.44 8.92 11.06 LD1p 6.90 8.20 8.99 10.29 12.86 13.59 LD3p 0.74 1.21 2.60 4.28 8.29 10.38
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表 6 复合作用下锂渣的反应程度
Table 6. Reaction degree of lithium slag under alkali activated and high temperature curing
% 编号 龄期/d 1 3 7 28 60 90 LB15p 7.82 9.92 10.42 11.46 13.96 16.88 LB35p 1.18 1.96 3.83 4.99 9.67 11.79 LD15p 6.99 8.90 9.47 10.88 13.44 14.65 LD35p 0.89 1.35 3.46 4.56 8.41 11.46
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