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Detection and analysis of chloride ions in marine concrete structures in service
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摘要: 为了弄清沿海服役混凝土的氯离子质量分数分布规律及影响因素，对江苏连云港码头部分泊位不同区域的氯离子进行了取样检测，分析了浸水时间、所处方位、开裂状态、维修历史等因素对混凝土内氯离子质量分数的影响。分析结果表明：水位变动区混凝土内的氯离子质量分数积累速度最快，且基本随高程增加而增大；开裂位置的氯离子质量分数明显大于相同环境下的非开裂位置；不同方位混凝土经历的光照时间不同，造成其内部氯离子质量分数有一定差异，其中向海侧混凝土内的氯离子质量分数峰值出现在混凝土浅层，背海侧的则出现在混凝土深层；混凝土表面维修后内部氯离子会向表面迁移，造成质量分数峰值出现在试件内部某一深度。Abstract: In order to understand the distribution and influence factors of chloride ions in the marine concrete structures in service, typical berths serving for different time periods in the Lianyungang port were sampled and the chloride ions in the marine concrete structures located in different regions were detected to find the influences of exposure zone, and the impacts of soaking time, locations and directions, cracking state and maintenance history on the chloride ions concentration of the marine concrete were analyzed in this study. The analysis results show that the accumulation rate of the chloride concentration in the concrete structures placed in the water level fluctuation zone is the fastest, which is larger than that in the atmospheric zone, and it increases with the increase of the elevation; the chloride ions mass fraction at the cracking position is obviously larger than that at the uncracked position in the same environment; the chloride ions' ingression rate is also influenced by the orientation which accepts the different illumination time, the peak value of the chloride ions mass fraction of the concrete to the sea side appears in the concrete cover, while the peak value of the chloride ions mass fraction of the back sea side appears in the concrete deep layer. The chloride ions in the concrete will transport from the inner to the surface when the surface layer of the concrete is repaired, which will make the peak value of the chloride profile appear at a certain depth of the concrete specimen.
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Key words:
- reinforced concrete /
- coastal port /
- durability /
- chloride ions /
- water level fluctuation zone
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图 1 4号泊位结构分布、取样区域及取样编号
Figure 1. Structure distribution, sampling area and sampling ID of 4th berth
图 2 60号泊位结构布置及取样区域、编号
Figure 2. Structure distribution, sampling area and sampling ID of 60th berth
图 4 4号泊位各区域取样点氯离子质量分数分布
Figure 4. Chloride ion concentration distribution at sampling points of 4th berth
图 5 60号泊位取样点氯离子质量分数分布
Figure 5. Chloride ion concentration distribution at sampling point of 60th berth
图 6 69号泊位氯离子质量分数分布
Figure 6. Chloride ion concentration distribution at sampling point of 69th berth
表 1 连云港港区海水及潮位相关数据
Table 1. Data of seawater and tidal level in Lianyungang port
离子类型 浓度/(mg·L-1) 潮位类别 数值/m Cl- 13 111 平均海面 2.94 Ca2- 186 平均潮差 3.39 K- 167 平均大潮高潮位 4.93 Na- 2 369 平均大潮低潮位 -0.86 Mg2- 476 平均小潮高潮位 4.61 SO42- 419 平均小潮低潮位 1.79 
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表 2 4号泊位取样详情
Table 2. Sampling from 4th berth
编号 高程/m 所处区域 构件类型 4-1 5.05 大气区 横梁 4-2 5.00 大气区 横梁 4-3 4.95 大气区 横梁 4-4 4.50 水位变动区 盖梁 4-5 3.80 水位变动区 桥墩 4-6 3.30 水位变动区 桥墩 4-7 2.80 水位变动区 桥墩 4-8 2.30 水位变动区 桥墩 4-9 5.03 大气区 横梁
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表 3 60号泊位取样详情
Table 3. Sampling from 60th berth
编号 60-1 60-2 60-3 60-4 60-5 60-6 60-7 60-A1 60-B1 60-C1 60-D1 高程/m 5.05 5.00 4.95 4.50 3.80 3.30 2.80 5.05 5.05 5.05 5.05 构件类型 横梁 桥墩 桥墩 桥台 桥台 桥台 桥台 盖梁 盖梁 盖梁 盖梁 注：取样所处区域为水位变动区。
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