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Stress and deformation properties of combined CFRD
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摘要: 组合型面板堆石坝是在下游底部设置混凝土坝与面板堆石坝形成的复合坝。以某150 m级面板坝工程为依托, 采用三维非线性有限元方法, 系统研究了组合型面板坝堆石坝体、混凝土坝以及防渗体系的应力应变特性。结果表明, 与常规面板堆石坝相比, 该组合坝型在堆石坝体变形方面虽没有显著改变, 但由于缩短了面板和垂直缝长度, 面板应力应变状况得到了有效改善, 且通过将混凝土坝坝顶宽度设置成大于趾板宽度, 可有效避免由高趾板引起的周边缝变位过大问题。目前200 m级高面板坝最突出问题是面板的结构性裂缝和挤压破坏, 而该组合坝型可以有效改善面板应力状态, 为超高面板坝的建设提供了新的思路。Abstract: Embedding a concrete dam at the upstream bottom of the conventional CFRD' s slab is called combined "CFRD". Studies and analysis of stress and deformation properties of the combined CFRD using 3D finite element method based on a 150 m high dam are introduced in this paper. The analysis results show that the rock-fill deformation of the combined CFRD is not much different from that of the conventional CFRD. However, because the length of the dam slab and the vertical joints are reduced, the stress state of the dam slab is improved. By extending the dam crest width of the concrete dam, the deformation of the peripheral joints can be controlled. At present, the most prominent problem existing in the 200 m high concrete-faced rock-fill dams is the structural cracks and crushing failure of the dam slab, and the combined CFRD can effectively improve the slab stress state. So the combined dam has some technical advantages, especially under the conditions of irregular terrain, narrow valleys and other adversity. Therefore, this new dam type can provide a new idea in the design of the high CFRD.
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Key words:
- combined CFRD /
- conventional CFRD /
- stress and deformation property /
- FEM
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图 2 组合型面板堆石坝标准设计剖面(单位:m)
Figure 2. Typical profile of combined rock-fill dams(unit: m)
图 4 堆石坝最大剖面坝体顺河向位移(单位: cm)
Figure 4. Horizontal displacement of largest profile of rock-fill dam (unit: cm)
图 5 堆石坝最大剖面坝体沉降(单位: cm)
Figure 5. Dam body settlement of largest profile of rock-fill dam (unit: m)
图 6 面板蓄水期轴向变形与挠度(单位: cm)
Figure 6. Axial deformation and deflection of slab during full storage period (unit: cm)
图 7 面板蓄水期轴向应力与顺坡向应力(单位: MPa)
Figure 7. Axial stress and longitudinal slope stress of slab during full storage period (unit: MPa)
表 1 筑坝材料南水模型参数
Table 1. Parameters of Nanshui double-yield-surface model
坝料 ρd/(g·cm-3) φ0/° Δ φ/° K n Rf cd/% nd Rd 垫层料 2.25 54.8 8.7 1 023 0.32 0.61 0.72 0.46 0.56 过渡层料 2.17 56.2 10.9 1 439 0.23 0.72 0.32 0.77 0.68 主堆石料 2.15 56.6 11.3 1 413 0.22 0.72 0.31 0.86 0.69 次堆石料 2.15 54.6 10.6 1 000 0.25 0.65 0.45 0.82 0.71 
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表 2 堆石坝坝体变形极值
Table 2. Maximum deformation of rock-fill dam
坝型 竣工期上游向变形/cm 竣工期下游向变形/cm 竣工期坝体沉降/cm 蓄水期上游向变形/cm 蓄水期下游向变形/cm 蓄水期坝体沉降/cm 常规坝 7.5 7.0 43.3 5.0 7.4 46.2 组合坝 5.4 5.2 40.8 2.3 6.0 43.8
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表 3 面板应力变形极值(蓄水期)
Table 3. Maximum values of stress and deformation of slab during full storage period
坝型 向右岸变形/cm 向左岸变形/cm 挠度/cm 轴向压应力/MPa 轴向拉应力/MPa 顺坡向压应力/MPa 顺坡向拉应力/MPa 常规坝 1.27 1.56 19.5 6.43 -1.15 8.27 -0.16 组合坝 0.84 0.84 11.3 4.71 -0.78 6.38 /
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表 4 接缝变位极值(蓄水期)
Table 4. Displacements of peripheral joints and vertical joints during full storage period
坝型 周边缝 垂直缝 剪切/mm 沉陷/mm 张开/mm 张开/mm 常规坝 17.5 17.9 11.6 6.4 组合坝 5.2 14.1 7.0 3.9
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