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Evaluation of comprehensive water environment treatment effect based on game theory combination weighting
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摘要: 随着人们对水环境要求的提高和政府投资力度的加大，水环境综合整治取得了一定的效果，但目前还没有针对水环境综合整治效果的评价指标体系。从水体改善、景观、生态、功能和社会民生5个方面选取17项指标建立了水环境综合治理效果评价指标体系。基于博弈论均衡和协调的基本思想，利用AHP法确定主观权重，熵法确定客观权重，通过组合赋权得出综合权重，构建了基于博弈论组合赋权的水环境综合治理效果评价模型。结合宣城市2015—2017年水环境综合治理效果的相关数据进行评价，评价结果显示2015年宣城市水环境综合治理效果评价等级为中，2016年和2017年评价等级均为良；综合评价得分呈逐年上升趋势，表明治理效果不断提高。Abstract: With the increasing requirement of water environment and the enlargement of government investment, a comprehensive improvement of water environment takes shape to some extent, but no evaluation index system for the comprehensive improvement of water environment is proposed. 17 indexes are selected from aspects of water improvement, landscape, ecology, function and social people's livelihood to establish an evaluation index system. Based on the basic thoughts of game theory equilibrium and coordination, AHP is used to determine the subjective weight and entropic law is applied to confirm the objective weight. The comprehensive weight is thus obtained through the combined empowerment. A comprehensive improvement evaluation model for water environment based on the combined empowerment of game theory is constructed and evaluated by using the relevant data of comprehensive improvement effect for water environment in Xuancheng City in 2015-2017, showing that the comprehensive improvement evaluation grade for water environment in Xuancheng City in 2015 belongs to medium-grade and that of 2016 and 2017 is within high-grade. The comprehensive evaluation on the upgrade, indicates that the improvement effect is constant, and that the evaluation index system provide a basis for evaluating and inspecting the comprehensive improvement of water environment in other cities.
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图 1 水环境综合治理效果评价指标体系
Figure 1. Evaluation index system of comprehensive water environmental governance
表 1 水环境综合治理效果评价指标体系描述及分级
Table 1. Description and classification of evaluation index system of comprehensive water environmental governance
指标层 指标描述 优 良 中 差 水质指数C1 综合水质标识指数 10~8 8~6 6~4 ≤4 透明度C2(cm) 塞氏盘法测出的水柱高度[ 8] ≥100 70~100 40~70 0~40 色度C3(度) 水中溶解性或胶状物质呈现的类黄色程度 0~5 5~10 10~15 ≥15 绿化率C4(%) 绿色植被覆盖面积占区域面积的比率 75~100 50~75 25~50 0~25 景观多样性C5 景观资源的丰富程度 8~10 6~8 4~6 0~4 河道清洁度C6 河道清洁程度 8~10 6~8 4~6 0~4 浮游植物多样性C7 浮游植物多样性指数 ≥2.30 1.72~2.30 1.14~1.72 0~1.14 浮游动物多样性C8 浮游动物多样性指数 ≥3.54 2.65~3.54 1.76~2.65 0~1.76 鱼类多度C9(尾·L-1) 鱼类物种多度 15~20 15~10 10~5 0~5 林带宽度[9]C10(m) 在长度≥200 m，种4~5排以上树木的宽度 ≥100 50~100 20~50 0~20 水系连通率C11(%) 增加的水系连通个数与原水系连通数的比值 85~100 70~85 55~70 0~55 防洪安全指数C12 防洪安全度 0.8~1.0 0.6~0.8 0.4~0.6 ≤0.4 灌溉保证率C13(%) 设计灌溉用水量的保证程度 75~100 50~75 25~50 0~25 污水处理率C14(%) 污水处理量与污水产生量的比值 80~100 60~80 40~60 0~40 中水回用率C15(%) 中水利用量与中水总量的比值 40~100 30~40 20~30 0~20 人居满意度C16 群众对居住环境的满意程度 4~5 3~4 2~3 0~2 部门满意度C17 群众对治理部门工作的满意程度 4~5 3~4 2~3 0~2 注：水质指数采用罗斯水质指数(WQI)。 
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表 2 指标相对重要度
Table 2. Relative importance of index
赋值aij 1 3 5 7 9 Ci较Cj 同等重要 稍微重要 明显重要 强烈重要 绝对重要 注：2，4，6，8为上述判断的中间值。
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表 3 宣城市水环境综合治理效果评价指标值
Table 3. Value of assessment index
指标层 2015年 2016年 2017年 水质指数C1 5.143 5.169 5.330 透明度C2 25 30 45 色度C3 7 3 2 绿化率C4 30.0 35.7 40.0 景观多样性C5 3 3 5 河道清洁度C6 5 6 8 浮游植物多样性C7 2.15 2.30 2.97 浮游动物多样性C8 2.00 2.03 2.16 鱼类多度C9 5 5 5 林带宽度C10 50 50 50 水系连通率C11 36 42 60 防洪安全指数C12 0.34 0.38 0.47 灌溉保证率C13 79 80 85 污水处理率C14 40 45 64 中水回用率C15 14 15 18 人居满意度C16 3.2 3.5 4.7 部门满意度C17 3.0 3.0 4.3
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表 4 归一化后的指标值
Table 4. Normalized assessment index
指标层 2015年 2016年 2017年 水质指数 0.572 0.585 0.665 透明度 0.550 0.700 0.750 色度 0.300 0.400 0.600 绿化率 0.375 0.446 0.500 景观多样性 0.680 0.680 0.790 河道清洁度 0.500 0.600 0.800 浮游植物多样性 0.430 0.590 0.760 浮游动物多样性 0.400 0.480 0.590 鱼类多度 0.440 0.440 0.440 林带宽度 1.000 1.000 1.000 水系连通率 0.400 0.467 0.667 防洪安全指数 0.630 0.704 0.870 灌溉保证率 0.790 0.800 0.850 污水处理率 0.500 0.563 0.800 中水回用率 0.467 0.500 0.600 人居满意度 0.640 0.700 0.940 部门满意度 0.600 0.600 0.860
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